Average Sentence
61.7 months
FY2024 national benchmark
-16.5% vs natl avg
2nd Circuit New York
2026 data Public-data reference. official source
Southern New York District
Open-data reference.
Federal criminal sentencing data · FY2015–FY2024 · Source: USSC
For educational and research purposes only. Not legal advice.
61.7
Avg Months (FY2024)
1,048
Cases (FY2024)
4%
Within Guidelines
62%
Guilty Pleas
90%
Prison Sentences
Sentencing Trends (FY2015–FY2024)
| Year | Cases | Avg (mo) | Within GL | Above GL | Below GL |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2024 | 1,048 | 61.7 | 4% | 2% | 0% |
| FY2023 | 1,148 | 54.6 | 2% | 2% | 0% |
| FY2022 | 1,297 | 55.4 | 2% | 2% | 0% |
| FY2021 | 943 | 50.6 | 4% | 3% | 0% |
| FY2020 | 926 | 48.6 | 5% | 2% | 0% |
| FY2019 | 1,515 | 51.8 | 5% | 3% | 0% |
| FY2018 | 1,446 | 52.4 | 6% | 3% | 0% |
| FY2017 | 1,463 | 62.1 | 5% | 3% | 0% |
| FY2016 | 1,350 | 56.1 | 4% | 4% | 0% |
| FY2015 | 1,648 | 60.9 | 4% | 3% | 0% |
Top Offenses (FY2024)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Counterfeiting/Forgery
270 cases · 74.4 mo avg
Drug Trafficking
264 cases · 27.7 mo avg
RICO
124 cases · 48.0 mo avg
Drug Offenses (Other)
89 cases · 69.8 mo avg
Drug Trafficking (Other)
64 cases · 34.4 mo avg
Robbery
49 cases · 105.8 mo avg
Commercial Bribery
32 cases · 220.3 mo avg
Arson
31 cases · 28.3 mo avg
Firearms (Other)
28 cases · 162.8 mo avg
Drug Simple Possession
24 cases · 14.7 mo avg
Sentencing Disparity
-16.5%
vs. national average (FY2024)
Southern New York Disparity Overview (FY2024)
Sentencing Breakdown (FY2024)
Within Guidelines
4%
43 cases
Above Guidelines
2%
23 cases
Below Guidelines
0%
0 cases
Booker Variance
0%
0 cases
Guideline Compliance
4%
Within USSC range
Prison Rate
90%
of 1,048 cases
Guideline Adherence Breakdown
Within Guidelines 4.0%
43 cases
Above Guidelines 2.0%
23 upward departures
Below Guidelines 0.0%
0 downward departures
Booker Variance 0.0%
0 post-Booker variances
What the Southern New York District Data Reveals
In FY2024, the Southern New York District (2nd Circuit, New York) sentenced 1,048 federal defendants, with an average imposed sentence of 61.7 months. Of those cases, 4% were sentenced within the U.S. Sentencing Commission guideline range, 2% received above-guideline sentences, and 0% received below-guideline sentences. Prison was imposed in 90% of cases, and 62% of defendants resolved their cases through a guilty plea rather than trial.
Relative to the national average for the same offense mix, the Southern New York District ran a disparity of -16.5% in FY2024. Sentences here trended shorter than the nationwide benchmark after controlling for offense composition. Booker variances — sentences imposed outside the guidelines under 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) following United States v. Booker (2005) — accounted for 0% of dispositions.
Context matters: these figures reflect the specific offense mix handled by the Southern New York District, which drives much of the variation across federal courts. The top offense category was "Counterfeiting/Forgery" with 270 cases and an average sentence of 74.4 months. Figures are aggregate descriptive statistics from USSC Individual Offender Datafiles and do not account for criminal history, offense-level adjustments, or cooperation agreements at the individual case level. This data is presented for research and educational purposes only and is not legal advice.
About This Data
Source: United States Sentencing Commission (USSC), Individual Offender Datafiles, FY2015–FY2024. The Southern New York District is part of the 2nd Circuit.
"Within guidelines" means the sentence fell within the prescribed guidelines range. "Booker variance" reflects post-United States v. Booker variances where judges impose sentences outside the range under 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a).
Source: USSC Commission Datafiles · Methodology: see how we compute these metrics
Nearby Districts in the 2nd Circuit
Other federal district courts in the same circuit. Compare sentencing patterns across neighboring jurisdictions.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the average federal sentence in the Southern New York District?
In FY2024, the Southern New York District Court imposed an average federal sentence of 61.7 months across 1,048 cases. This includes all offense types handled by the district.
How often do judges in Southern New York follow the sentencing guidelines?
In FY2024, 4% of sentences in the Southern New York District fell within the federal sentencing guidelines range. 2% were above guidelines (upward departures) and 0% were below guidelines (downward departures).
What is a sentencing disparity score?
The disparity score measures how far a district's average sentences deviate from the national average for the same offense types. A positive score means the district sentences higher than average; a negative score means lower. The Southern New York District had a disparity of -16.5% in FY2024.
What is a Booker variance in federal sentencing?
A Booker variance occurs when a federal judge imposes a sentence outside the guidelines range under the authority of United States v. Booker (2005), citing 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) factors. In the Southern New York District, 0% of cases in FY2024 involved Booker variances.
Where does the Southern New York District sentencing data come from?
All data comes from the United States Sentencing Commission (USSC) Individual Offender Datafiles, covering fiscal years 2015 through 2024. The USSC collects case-level data from federal courts nationwide.
Learn More About Federal Sentencing
Understanding Federal Sentencing
How federal sentencing guidelines work, from offense levels to criminal history categories.
Sentencing Disparity Explained
What drives differences in sentencing outcomes between federal districts.
Reading Sentencing Data
How to interpret the statistics and comparisons in PlainSentencing.
Read our methodology — how this data is sourced, computed, and verified.